Borchers AF 1171 can be used in coatings based on water soluble alkyds, polyurethanes, styrenes, straight and vinyl acrylates and hydroxyl-bearing polyacrylates. Foam formation is suppressed during the milling of pigment concentrates. Borchers AF 1171 supports quick air release of entrapped air on the surface during application. Borchers AF 1171 can also be used in solvent based and solvent free coatings. Borchers AF 1171 should be preferedly used in the grinding step but it can be added also in thelet-down or later as a post-add. It should be incorporated with appropriate shear forces.